Using the using namespace function is a bad habit, so I do not recommend getting into the habit of doing this, but if you ever want to declutter some of your code, be ready for errors, but you can then get rid of scope operators for whichever library you called the function for. In this case, I called it for std::. This is the STandarD library, has all the standard functions, hence the name. An example is the std::cout function. Without using namespace std; you would need to type that in front of all your std:: based functions, which can get tiresome, but keeps everything clean. With this function call at the beginning, you would only require cout to call the function. (Ex.2)